【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminingAerobicBiodegradationofPlasticMaterialsintheMarineEnvironmentbyaDefinedMicrobialConsortium
【原文标准名称】:利用规定的微生物团测定塑料材料在海洋环境中需氧生物降解能力的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD6691-2001
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2001
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.96
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:塑料;海水;生物降解能力;试验方法
【英文主题词】:aerobic;biodegradation;marineenvironment;plastics
【摘要】:Theuseofplasticsaboardshipsisontheriseandtheuseoftheseaasatrashdumpingsiteisnolongerapossibility;consequently,thedisposalofplasticmaterialswhileatsearemainsamajorissue.Biodegradableplasticsmayhelptoallaypublicconcernbyallowingforthesafedisposalofplasticmaterialsatsea.Thistestmethodhasbeendevelopedtoassesstherateanddegreeofaerobicbiodegradationofplasticsexposedtomarinemicroorganisms.Aerobicbiodegradationisdeterminedbymeasuringtheamountofbiogas(carbondioxide)producedduringsuchanexposure.Thedegreeandrateofaerobicbiodegradabilityofaplasticundertheconditionsofthistestmethodmaybeusedtoestimatethepersistenceofthatplasticinbiologicallyactivemarineenvironments,forexample,seashoreandopen-ocean.However,itshallberecognizedthatpredictinglong-termenvironmentalfateandeffectsfromtheresultsofshort-termexposuretoasimulatedmarineenvironmentisdifficult.Thus,cautionshallbeexercisedwhenextrapolatingtheresultsobtainedfromthisoranyothercontrolled-environmenttesttodisposalinthenaturalenvironment.1.1Thistestmethodisusedtodeterminethedegreeandrateofaerobicbiodegradationofplasticmaterials(includingformulationadditives)exposedtopre-grownpopulationofatleasttenaerobicmarinemicroorganismsofknowngenera.Thetestmethodisconductedundercontrolledlaboratoryconditions.1.2Thistestmethodisdesignedtoindexpolymermaterialsthatarepossiblybiodegradable,relativetoapositivereferencematerial,inanaerobicenvironment.1.3Thistestmethodisapplicabletoallpolymermaterialscontainingatleast20%carbonthatarenotinhibitorytothemicroorganismspresentinamarineenvironment.1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.1.5ThereisnosimilarorequivalentISOstandard.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_99
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Soilquality-Sampling-Part1:Guidanceonthedesignofsamplingprogrammes(ISO10381-1:2002)
【原文标准名称】:土质.取样.第1部分:取样方法设计指南
【标准号】:DINISO10381-1-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2003-08
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:计划;土壤试验;评定;一般条件;水常规;土壤分析;条件;说明书;土壤普查;取样;抽样方法;土壤组分;土壤;检验
【英文主题词】:Compositionoftheground;Conditions;Evaluations;Generalconditions;Inspection;Instructions;Planning;Sampling;Samplingmethods;Soilanalysis;Soilsurveys;Soiltesting;Soils;Waterpractice
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:B11
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_05
【页数】:46P;A4
【正文语种】:德语